| Synonyms: |
DIF, TNF-alpha, TNFA, TNFSF2, RATTNF, Tnfa, tnf, TNF-a, TNFalpha, Tnfsf1a, TNFa, cTNF, Tnf-alpha, tnfa-like, TNF-ALPHA, dif, tnfa, xtnf, tnfsf2, tnf-alpha, Cachectin, tumor necrosis factor, tumor necrosis factor b (TNF superfamily, member 2), tumor necrosis factor alpha, tumor necrosis factor a (TNF superfamily, member 2), TNF, Tnf, tnf, tnfb, tnf-alpha, LOC103694380, tnfa. |
| Background: |
TNF alpha is a cytokine involved in systemic inflammation and the acute phase reaction. It is primarily produced by activated macrophages but can also be generated by various other cell types including CD4+ lymphocytes, NK cells, neutrophils, mast cells, eosinophils, and neurons. TNF alpha plays a crucial role in regulating immune cells and has diverse effects on the body. As an endogenous pyrogen, it can induce fever and promote apoptotic cell death, cachexia, and inflammation. Moreover, TNF alpha inhibits tumorigenesis and viral replication, and it is involved in the response to sepsis through the production of interleukin 1 (IL1) and interleukin 6 (IL6) by certain cells. |
