| Source: |
Chinese Hamster Ovary cell line, CHO |
| Molecular Weight: |
Apparent molecular mass of 24 kDa in SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions, 14 kDa under reducing conditions, a disulfide-linked homodimer of two 116 amino acid glycosylated polypeptide chains. |
| AA Sequence: |
Gly311 - Ser426; Accession # P08476 |
| Purity: |
> 95% by SDS-PAGE analyses. |
| Biological Activity: |
Measured by its ability to induce hemoglobin expression in K562 human chronic myelogenous leukemia cells. The ED50 for this effect is 0.2-1.2 ng/mL.The specific activity of Recombinant Human/Murine/Rat Activin A is approximately 1 IU/μg, which is calibrated against human activin a WHO international standard. |
| Physical Appearance: |
Sterile filtered white lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder. |
| Formulation: |
Lyophilized from 0.2 μm filtered concentrated solution in 30% acetonitrile and 0.1% TFA. |
| Endotoxin: |
Less than 0.01 EU/µg of rHu/Mu/RtActivin A as determined by LAL method. |
| Reconstitution: |
We recommend that this vial be briefly centrifuged prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute in sterile 4 mM HCl to a concentration of 0.1-0.5 mg/mL. Further dilutions should be made in appropriately buffered solutions. |
| Stability & Storage: |
Use a manual defrost freezer and avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.
12 months from date of receipt, -20 to -70°C as supplied.
1 month, 2 to 8°C under sterile conditions after reconstitution.
3 months, -20 to -70°C under sterile conditions after reconstitution. |
| Background: |
Activins and inhibins are members of the TGF-β superfamily and play crucial roles in tissue morphogenesis and repair, fibrosis, inflammation, neural development, hematopoiesis, reproductive system function, and cancer development. Activin A notably protects the heart from hypoxic stress and supports the differentiation of embryonic stem cells into cardiomyocytes. Structurally, activins exist as homodimers or heterodimers of various β subunits (βA, βB, βC, and βE), whereas inhibins are composed of a unique α subunit paired with one of the β subunits. Specifically, activin A is a homodimer of two βA chains. The βA subunit in humans shares 100% amino acid sequence identity with its counterparts in mice, rats, bovines, porcines, and felines. Activin A exerts its effects by binding to activin RIIA, which then associates with activin RIB/ALK-4. The bioactivity of activin A is modulated by both cell-associated molecules (BAMBI, Betaglycan, and Cripto) and soluble regulators (β2-macroglobulin, follistatin, and FLRG). |
